研究
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Depending on the atmospheric residence time of material from re-entered satellites, each mega-constellation will produce fine particulates that could greatly exceed natural forms of high-altitude atmospheric aluminum deposition...
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We face an existential crisis: 空间 is at risk of developing the equivalent of the ocean’s “drifting island of plastic.“空气, 空间, and light pollution now present looming environmental threats created by the launch of new “mega-constellations” of thousands of satellites...
Mehlman, Janka, and Sturza. “Averting Environmental Risks in the New 空间 Age.“第一天项目”.
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Treating 空间 as the ‘Wild West’ frontier that requires conquering continues to incentivize claiming by those who are well-resourced.
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With sufficient numbers of bright satellites, these stakeholders could be impacted as well and should be included in deliberations as LEOsat deployment continues.
政策
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In the absence of proper oversight, mega-constellations present a direct threat to our environment when they reenter our atmosphere in large numbers.
你的来信.S. 代表. Mark Levin (D-CA) to Acting FCC Chair Jessica Rosenworcel
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...astronomers are concerned that launching thousands of bright satellites into 空间, as the FCC has approved doing, will interfere with their scientific re搜索.
Senators ask GAO to review FCC oversight of satellite constellations, 空间 News
媒体
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在2020年初, it was suggested that this alteration of the night, both for astronomy and the general public, 可能会违反美国的法律.S. environmental law, specifically the National Environmental 政策 Act (NEPA).
Forbes: Is 空间X’s Starlink Mega Constellation An Environmental Problem? FCC说“不”
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This orbital refuse doesn’t just create navigation hazards for astronauts, it also reflects sunlight down to the surface, interfering with ground-based telescope observation...
Engadget: We're entombing the Earth in an impenetrable shell of dead satellites
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“I was really horrified to see that number. You would potentially be seeing more satellites than stars for most of the population of North America and 欧洲. I can’t imagine my kids growing up with that.”
Scientific American: 空间X Starlink Mega Constellation Faces Fresh 法律 Challenge
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“The issue of mega-constellations in astronomy is a serious issue,帕特里克·塞策说, an astrophysicist at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor who studies orbital debris...
Science News: New fleets of private satellites are clogging the night sky
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The night sky is not talked about like a limited natural resource, but it is.
Washington Post: Elon Musk’s satellites threaten to disrupt the night sky for all of us
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Chemicals released as defunct satellites burn in the atmosphere could damage Earth’s protective ozone layer if plans to build megaconstellations of tens of thousands of satellites...
空间.com: 空气 pollution from reentering megaconstellation satellites could cause ozone hole 2.0
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然而, critics have warned that the Starlink project, 还有人喜欢它, will lead to light pollution - in the form of streaks that can already be observed from here on Earth.
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Without significant, rapid, large-scale action, the night sky will likely be forever changed. Here’s what we can do about it.
How To Save The Night Sky From Satellite Megaconstellations, Forbes
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Astronomers have also raised concerns about constellations on their observations of the universe...
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The effect is similar to ground-based light pollution from lamps and other nighttime light sources, which effectively wash out the visual contrast of the night sky, making fainter astronomy targets more difficult to see.
Washington Post: A proliferation of 空间 junk is blocking our view of the cosmos, re搜索 shows
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But the astronomical community, which has spent decades designing and building sensitive optical equipment tuned to pick up the faintest of glimmers from across the galaxy and beyond, sees the same sight as a menacing threat to their enterprise.
空间X’s cheap internet could cost us the night sky, Popular Science